The Martenstyn's Barb is a freshwater fish endemic to Sri Lanka, found mainly in the clear, fast-flowing rivers and streams of the island’s wet and intermediate zones. It is commonly associated with rocky river habitats, where strong currents, clean water, and submerged stones provide suitable conditions for feeding and shelter. This active barb is a strong swimmer and is adapted to life in flowing waters. It feeds on algae, plant material, small aquatic insects, and other tiny organisms found on rocks and river surfaces. As a species restricted to Sri Lanka, the Martenstyn's Barb represents the uniqueness of the island’s freshwater biodiversity and highlights the importance of conserving natural river ecosystems.